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New cancer risk gene found
A new breast cancer risk gene has been discovered which explains the
early-onset breast cancer in some multiple-case breast cancer families.
The international team of investigators led by the University of Melbourne Australia, identified rare mutations in the RINT1 gene to increase risk of breast and many other cancers.
The international team of investigators led by the University of Melbourne Australia, identified rare mutations in the RINT1 gene to increase risk of breast and many other cancers.
Anti-leukaemia drug in trials
Eight Australians are diagnosed with a form of leukaemia every day.
While there are treatments, many of these don’t work on all people or
produce such serious side effects that the patient has to be withdrawn
from treatment.
Genetics news
People
who suffer from congenital analgesia can’t feel pain, and often end up
hurting themselves as they don’t know when something is too hot, or
making them bleed. Researchers have discovered that mutations in the
gene SCN11A are responsible for this disorder, which blocks the
transmission of pain signals.
Appendix Isn't Useless at All: It's a Safe House for Bacteria
Drawing upon a series of observations and experiments, Duke
University Medical Center investigators postulate that the beneficial
bacteria in the appendix that aid digestion can ride out a bout of
diarrhea that completely evacuates the intestines and emerge afterwards
to repopulate the gut.
"While there is no smoking gun, the abundance of circumstantial
evidence makes a strong case for the role of the appendix as a place
where the good bacteria can live safe and undisturbed until they are
needed," said William Parker, Ph.D., assistant professor of experimental
surgery, who conducted the analysis in collaboration with R. Randal
Bollinger, M.D., Ph.D., Duke professor emeritus in general surgery.
The appendix is a slender two- to four-inch pouch located near the juncture of the large and small intestines. While its exact function in humans has been debated by physicians, it is known that there is immune system tissue in the appendix.
"While there is no smoking gun, the abundance of circumstantial
evidence makes a strong case for the role of the appendix as a place
where the good bacteria can live safe and undisturbed until they are
needed," said William Parker, Ph.D., assistant professor of experimental
surgery, who conducted the analysis in collaboration with R. Randal
Bollinger, M.D., Ph.D., Duke professor emeritus in general surgery. The appendix is a slender two- to four-inch pouch located near the juncture of the large and small intestines. While its exact function in humans has been debated by physicians, it is known that there is immune system tissue in the appendix.
New drug for skin cancer
A
new drug that targets
skin cancer has been successfully tested in
humans for the first time, and could lead to a new class of cancer
treatments. The drug reduces the size of tumours by targeting a protein
that controls cancer growth and spread.
New kidney
A
kidney bioengineered in the lab has successfully been transplanted into
a rat. This is a huge step forward in the quest to help patients with
kidney failure and create personalised transplant organs. With further
work, bioengineered kidneys could provide an alternative to dialysis for
patients with end-stage kidney disease.
Genetic news
FOXP2,
also known as the 'language gene', has a unique sequence in humans.
Researchers have demonstrated that mutations associated with this gene
are linked to speech and language deficits.
Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
researchers have found 23 additional genetic variations linked to
prostate cancer. This is a huge advancement that could be used to design
genetic tests for this disease.
The
Pitch Drop Experiment is one of the longest-running experiments in the
world. The experiment was established by Thomas Parnell, a professor of
physics at the University of Queensland, in 1927. But, for different
reasons, in the 85 years that the pitch has been dripping no one has
ever seen the drop fall.
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